While the “spatial transcriptomics” emerges as a powerful tool to interrogate the RNA expression of a biological specimen with spatial locations, it remains an assembling measurement that elaborates the collective expression of RNAs in a group of cells (~10-100). I have proposed a new concept of “Single Molecule Spatial Transcriptomics” to interrogate transcriptomes in single cells at the single molecule level. We focus on the physical interpretation of the complexity and dynamics of RNAs in the biological system.

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